Archives
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br CXCR The CXC receptor and CXCR and
2021-03-04
CXCR1/2 The CXC receptor 1 and 2 (CXCR1 and CXCR2) have been well characterised in vertebrates. In mammals and birds, the two receptors are shared by the ELR+ CXC ligands, namely the CXCL8 family members that have proinflammatory roles in recruitment of neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages to s
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It is well known that corticotropin
2021-03-04
It is well-known that corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) exerts its biological functions through binding to type-1 (CRF1) and/or type-2 (CRF2) receptors. Several clinical evidences suggest the association of a high level of CRF and the onset of anxiety and depressive disorders.2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Si
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The mechanisms in the central nervous system CNS
2021-03-04
The mechanisms in the central nervous system (CNS) controlling the sympathetic tone of the angiopoietin are associated to behavioral strategies, such as those involved in response to stress. In this regard, morphine withdrawal induces profound and severe stress reactions evidenced by enhancement of
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br Materials and methods br Results
2021-03-04
Materials and methods Results Discussion In our tissue array, we demonstrated that 14-3-3 tau mRNA and protein expression levels decreased in the preeclamptic placentas. 14-3-3 proteins are considered to be important in the functional regulation of trophoblasts and maybe associated with adv
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Astrocytes play a key role in the brain as these
2021-03-04
Astrocytes play a key role in the brain, as these cells are involved in fluid, ion, pH, and neurotransmitter homeostasis, synapse function, energy and metabolism and blood-brain barrier (BBB) maintenance (Sofroniew and Vinters, 2010). PA is able to activate different damaging responses in astrocytes
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The present study also showed that
2021-03-04
The present study also showed that EP2 deficiency and EP4 antagonism significantly suppressed psoriatic BQ-123 mg in an imiquimod model. Notably, however, the combined EP2 deficiency and EP4 antagonism did not completely suppress ear swelling in this model, possibly because there is the IL-17–indep
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Quetiapine Fumarate br Materials and methods br Results br D
2021-03-04
Materials and methods Results Discussion In rodent species, CYP2E1 and CYP2B have been implicated in CCl4 metabolism. In this study, we used expressed human CYP2E1 to show that this enzyme is a high-affinity catalyst responsible for low-dose CCl4 metabolism. Studies employing an inhibitory
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br Experimental Procedure br Acknowledgment This work was su
2021-03-04
Experimental Procedure Acknowledgment This work was supported by Ministry of Education, Singapore (MoE Tier-2) grant (R-154-000-625-112) and R154-000-A72-114 (AcRF Tier 1 grant) respectively. We acknowledge the Advanced Photon Source Beamline 24-ID-C, Argonne National Laboratory, USA. D.N. is
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Initially the E uses ATP to
2021-03-04
Initially, the E1 uses ATP to activate the C-terminal glycine residue of ubiquitin prior to ligation. In the first step of E1 activation, the E1 catalyzes the adenylation of ubiquitin and pyrophosphate (PPi) release. In the second step, the E1 releases adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and a thioester b
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make myself beautiful Targeting both PARP and DHODH for anti
2021-03-04
Targeting both PARP-1 and DHODH for anti-cancer therapy would certainly be beneficial as these enzymes share a common role in the DNA replication and repair mechanisms which are involved in the hyper-proliferation of cancer cells. Since benzimidazole-containing compounds have been reported to show g
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Cyanine 5-dCTP Previous studies reported that NE and MHPG ar
2021-03-03
Previous studies reported that NE and MHPG are deeply involved in depression and that NE reuptake inhibitors are approved for use in patients with depression (for review, see [2]). We found increased hippocampal content of NE and MHPG in the CORT-treated CRTH2−/− mice (Fig. 3). In the hippocampus, a
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Data from our in vitro studies using BEAS B cells
2021-03-03
Data from our in vitro studies using BEAS-2B cells showed a biphasic response of cells to NNK. The initial phase of decrease in CRM1 expression in NNK-exposed cells was observed in our previous study. In this study, we further showed that p-p53 (Thr55) expression was also decreased during this initi
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All of the studies referred to above were on microvillous
2021-03-03
All of the studies referred to above were on microvillous membrane from hSTB; however, there is little information regarding conductances in the basal membrane. Illsley and Sellers, using a fluorescent technique, determined the relative permeabilities of cations and chloride in basal membrane vesicl
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Analysis of DNA fragmentation We
2021-03-03
Analysis of DNA fragmentation. We followed a modified Hirt extraction procedure for analysis of DNA fragmentation. Cells were suspended in TNE buffer (1M NaCl, 20mM Tris–HCl, pH 7.4, 2mM EDTA, and 0.6% SDS) at a density of 106 cells/ml and incubated overnight on ice. The next day, cellular debris wa
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The third challenge is to understand the mechanisms of
2021-03-03
The third challenge is to understand the mechanisms of drug resistance. There are several different mechanisms of ES tumor to develop drug resistance. First, cancer stem cells are capable of proliferate and generate tumor cells with new sets of mutations which may harbor different protein targets [1