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In many cells AR mediated activation
2023-10-31
In many ag1478 receptor α1-AR mediated activation of PLC has been shown to be the downstream process for NA-induced signalling. The activated PLC initiates subsequent signalling by breakdown of PIP2 to IP3 and DAG (Fisher and Agranoff, 1987) and the process continues. To confirm if such mechanism e
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br Experimental protocols br Results and discussion br Concl
2023-10-31
Experimental protocols Results and discussion Conclusion 15-LOX-1 is an important mammalian lipoxygenase which plays an important role in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes, lipoxins and other signalling molecules. These signalling molecules play a regulatory role in several respiratory disea
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Regulators of the DDR have therefore become attractive targe
2023-10-31
Regulators of the DDR have therefore become attractive targets for cancer therapy primarily through two potential approaches. First, to be used as chemo- or radiosensitisers to increase the effectiveness of standard genotoxic treatments and to help prevent or overcome the development of resistance.
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Introduction The corpus luteum CL
2023-10-31
Introduction The corpus luteum (CL) is a transient endocrine gland that differentiates from the thecal and granulosal cells of the ovarian follicle after ovulation. Its formation and limited lifespan in the mammalian ovary is important for fertility, as the CL produces progesterone (P4), the essent
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br Experimental procedures br Results br
2023-10-30
Experimental procedures Results Discussion Our biophysical and cellular analyses of mutant Aβ1–42 peptides support a role of the N-terminus of Aβ in peptide aggregation and toxicity. We demonstrate that double mutations constructed to humanize the rodent Aβ1–42 sequence result in a signific
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br Animal models of NAFLD
2023-10-30
Animal models of NAFLD Human research has greatly shaped our understanding of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, but several limitations exist in studying the disease processes in humans, such as variations in environmental exposure, pre-existing genetic risk factors, racial and ethnic difference
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Several enzymes in serine and glycine metabolism have been
2023-10-30
Several enzymes in serine and glycine metabolism have been proposed as biomarkers for cancer stage and prognosis. Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), phosphoserine phosphatase (PSPH), and serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) levels are high in TNBC and low in luminal-A breast cancers (Kim et a
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ALDHs also act as opposite roles in
2023-10-30
ALDHs also act as opposite roles in the initiation and development of carcinoma. For example, ALDH2, as a key enzyme which oxidises acetaldehyde, participates in alcohol metabolism and is associated with alcohol-mediated carcinogenesis [37]. It has been reported that up to 8% of the world's populati
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br AHR mediates TCDD toxicity and wasting
2023-10-30
AHR mediates TCDD toxicity and wasting syndrome TCDD causes numerous toxicities in laboratory animals, including teratogenesis, hepatic steatosis, thymic atrophy, immune dysfunction and a lethal wasting syndrome [17]. The dose-dependent sensitivity to TCDD-induced toxicities varies widely among l
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Mitochondria from frozen thawed bull sperm are capable of pr
2023-10-30
Mitochondria from frozen-thawed bull sperm are capable of producing energy using pyruvate and lactate as substrates through oxidative pathways (Beorlegui et al., 1997). Based on the present study, heparin capacitated sperm had a lesser lactate concentration in the incubation medium, supporting the h
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We aim to evaluate the AK
2023-10-30
We aim to evaluate the AK in regulating adenosine signaling in the retina. It was reported that the degree of tachykinin receptor injury directly depends on expression levels of AK and the resulting extracellular levels of adenosine (Boison, 2006). Indeed, transgenic mice overexpressing AK are high
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AT signaling is distinct to
2023-10-30
AT2 signaling is distinct to that of AT1 (Kaschina and Unger, 2003). As shown here, opposite to the stimulating effect of AT1 signaling, it inhibits apelin secretion. Activation of AT2 receptor, which is also G-protein coupled, is known to decrease cAMP and cGMP levels by inhibiting adenylyl cyclase
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Apelin is a bioactive peptide and endogenous ligand
2023-10-30
Apelin is a bioactive peptide and endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor (APLNR), a member of the G protein coupled receptor family that shares a similar sequence as the angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT1) [5]. Early studies demonstrated that the apelin/APLNR receptor axis plays a significant role in
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In order to further explore
2023-10-30
In order to further explore whether the cytoprotective effect of isogarcinol against oxidative stress in H2O2-induced HepG2 fluvastatin is a consequence of the breakdown of the endogenous antioxidant defence mechanism, we measured the LDH release, MDA levels, GSH levels and SOD activity. A large bo
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Aerobic exercise plays an important role in the
2023-10-27
Aerobic exercise plays an important role in the regulation of mibefradil metabolism in the skeletal muscle. It is also associated with increases in AMPK and GLUT4 levels, resulting in the improvement of the glucose uptake signaling pathway [17,18]. Recently, it has been shown that exercise markedly
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