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caspase inhibitor The top concern for the
2021-09-07
The top concern for the clinical use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology is safety. Off-target alterations must be avoided to ensure genome integrity and proper cellular function. WGS found no off-target effects among the top 49 predicted off-target sites. WGS did find 4,658 indels and 1,891 SNVs in sgRNA1/2-
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7915 In our study we observed elevation
2021-09-07
In our study, we observed elevation of the fluorescent intensity in the layers without synaptic contacts (OS, ONL, INL, and GCL). In the enzyme-linked fluorescence assay system, released glutamate is catalyzed by the enzyme on the surface of a quartz glass. Therefore, the diffusion of glutamate onto
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We confirmed a decrease in
2021-09-07
We confirmed a decrease in extracellular glutamate uptake and the presence of efflux in an endothelial cell model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), which effectively simulates the inefficient energy supply after brain injury [15], and analysed the function of endothelial EAATs and explored the ro
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br The concept of the axo
2021-09-07
The concept of the axo-myelin ‘synapse’ Axons can release glutamate in a Ca+-dependent and independent manner (reviewed in [13,69]). Glutamate released from axons activates GluRs located in myelin, a feature that gave rise to the idea of the axo-myelin ‘synapse’ by analogy with classical synaptic
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As cardiovascular disease accounts for the majority of
2021-09-07
As cardiovascular disease accounts for the majority of deaths in subjects with T2D, it is imperative that we better characterize the cardiovascular risks and benefits of the various therapies we prescribe to these individuals to control their glycemia. Indeed, the potential to identify subsets of di
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Introduction Pneumocystis pneumonia PCP is a respiratory inv
2021-09-07
Introduction Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a respiratory invasive infection caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii, an ubiquitous fungus. It is transmitted by air and mostly infects immunocompromised patients. PCP is characterized by respiratory complaints of cough, dyspnea, but also tachycardia, low g
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br Materials and methods br Conflicts
2021-09-07
Materials and methods Conflicts of interest Some of the peptidomimetic compounds in this work are the subject of the patent application “Peptidomimetics for Imaging the Ghrelin Receptor”, WO/2016/191865 A1, December 8th, 2016. Acknowledgements Special thanks go to Rebecca McGirr (Lawson He
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In the phylum Cnidaria which separated from the main
2021-09-06
In the phylum Cnidaria, which separated from the main line of Metazoa early during evolution, FGFR signaling is essential during development and morphogenesis. Two FGFRs and two FGFs antagonistically control formation of the apical organ in the anthozoan Nematostella and target the MAPK pathway (Ren
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br Acknowledgements We thank Kathy Spindler for helpful revi
2021-09-06
Acknowledgements We thank Kathy Spindler for helpful review of the manuscript. Expert technical assistance from Joel Whitfield in the University of Michigan Cancer Center Immunology Core is greatly appreciated. This research was supported by the American Heart Association (16GRNT30250013) and by
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This crosstalk may be responsible for the beneficial
2021-09-06
This crosstalk may be responsible for the beneficial effects of histamine H2 receptor inverse agonists on fluoxetine hydrochloride synthesis pathologies and may also explain unwanted effects of these drugs on other tissues. In this way, Allen et al. reported an anaphylactoid reaction following cess
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In our previous study we designed and synthesized compounds
2021-09-06
In our previous study, we designed and synthesized compounds of A series from the starting material 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic 69 6 receptor (ferulic acid). These compounds with R group being amino acid residues, fatty acyl group and sulfuryl group showed moderate HDAC inhibition and in vitro anti
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br Introduction The signaling molecule nitric oxide
2021-09-06
Introduction The signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) plays an essential role in vessel homeostasis by initiating vasodilation [1], [2], [3]. After biosynthesis in endothelial cells, NO diffuses into the subjacent smooth muscle layer to reach its target enzyme, soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC, EC 4
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Introduction GPR is a class A type
2021-09-06
Introduction GPR119 is a class A type of G Protein coupled receptor, which is expressed primarily in pancreatic β-cells and the K and L MG 149 receptor of the gastrointestinal tract [1], [2], [3]. Activation of GPR119 promotes secretion of incretins such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the in
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G protein coupled receptor GPCR
2021-09-06
G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligands can be classified as either orthosteric or allosteric modulators. Orthosteric and endogenous ligands bind to the same site, which is topologically distinct from the allosteric site. In general, the binding domains of different orthosteric ligands may not exa
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The importance of FXR FGF signaling in BA homeostasis is
2021-09-06
The importance of FXR-FGF15/19 signaling in BA homeostasis is illustrated by various BA malabsorption syndromes. Clinically, BA malabsorption causes diarrhea due to high BA concentrations in the colon that lead to secretion of water and electrolytes and stimulation of propulsive contractions [36]. P
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