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1-NM-PP1 The first wave of cells
2021-11-09
The first wave of 1-NM-PP1 infiltrating heart shortly after MI is composed mainly of neutrophils, with the highest number on the first day after ischemic episode [101]. These cells are recruited via C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-2 (CXCL-2)- and CXCL-5-mediated chemotaxis. Both chemokines are produce
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Roughly million people who are
2021-11-09
Roughly 15 million people who are currently infected with HBV are co-infected with the hepatitis D virus (HDV) (WHO, 2017b). The superinfection not only leads to more severe liver damage and early onset of cirrhosis, but also to a higher mortality than HBV mono-infection (Rizzetto, 1983; WHO, 2017b)
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The frequency of GSTM and
2021-11-09
The frequency of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes vary in different populations. For example, Hiragi et al. (2007) reported a frequency of 17–35% for the GSTM1 null genotype and 22–44% for the GSTT1 null genotype in Brazilians of African descent (Hiragi et al., 2007). Chen, Liu, and Relling (1996) rep
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In Solloway and colleagues reported that mice with alpha
2021-11-09
In 2015, Solloway and colleagues reported that mice with alpha cell hyperplasia due to inactive hepatic glucagon receptor signaling may most likely be caused by amino gap-27 dependent mechanisms [11]. The authors then showed these adaptations are regulated by ‘mechanistic target of rapamycin’ (mTOR
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The widespread involvement of HH GLI in
2021-11-09
The widespread involvement of HH/GLI in human malignancies has initiated a remarkable effort to identify selective HPIs. As shown in Table 2.1, most of these small molecule inhibitors target the essential effector protein SMO, which should lead to pathway abrogation by eventually decreasing the GLIA
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br Conflicts of interests br Acknowledgements We thank
2021-11-09
Conflicts of interests Acknowledgements We thank Drs. T. Tomita and T. Iwatsubo (Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan) for anti-presenilin 1-CTF antiserum, Dr. A. Takashima (Gakushuin University, Tokyo, Japan) for anti-Pen-2 antiserum and the laboratory members for helpful comments and discussion. M
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In the last thirty years
2021-11-09
In the last thirty years, accumulating data have addressed a role for GABA in the modulation of gastrointestinal (GI) functions via its possible involvement in the circuitry of the enteric nervous system (ENS). The ENS is a complex neuronal network located within the gut wall, capable of regulating,
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chir99021 We hypothesize that HBO increases GABA activity at
2021-11-09
We hypothesize that HBO2 increases GABA activity at the GABAA receptor via a nitric oxide dependent mechanism. Blotting for the phosphorylated β3 subunit of the GABAA receptor should theoretically be increased when there is more GABA activity at the receptor (McDonald et al., 1998). We expected that
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br Acknowledgments R Dalmann has obtained a bourse
2021-11-09
Acknowledgments R. Dalmann has obtained a “bourse Cifre” (grant 304/2011) from the ‘Association Nationale de la Recherche Technique’ and Bristol-Myers-Squibb. Introduction Endocannabinoids, their molecular targets (receptors), their synthetic and degrading enzymes and proteins that transport
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c-di-AMP br Introduction Glycolysis plays a key role
2021-11-08
Introduction Glycolysis plays a key role in c-di-AMP energy metabolism [[1], [2], [3]]. It is initiated mainly by hexokinase I (HKI), the major hexokinase isoform of the brain ([3,4] and references therein). Up to 90% of brain HKI is bound to the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) through the vo
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br Activation of soluble guanylate cyclase
2021-11-08
Activation of soluble guanylate cyclase The molecular steps involved in sGC activation have evolved significantly over the last several years. The key studies are outlined below, but here we provide an overall summary. The activation mechanism of sGC was initially proposed to be relatively simple
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Dexmedetomidine HCl Financial nonfinancial disclosures The a
2021-11-08
Financial/nonfinancial disclosures: The authors have reported to CHEST the following: M. J. A. has received investigator-initiated grants from Pfizer and Boehringer Ingelheim for unrelated research. None declared (X. D., S. C. D., G. B., N. T. W., J. L. P., J. H., B. E., A. J. L., J. A. B., C. S., C
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br Acknowledgments We thank Dr
2021-11-08
Acknowledgments We thank Dr Kathleen Sullivan of Merck Research Laboratories for providing the CHO-K1 Rimonabant australia expressing an NFAT-β-lactamase reporter and the Gα subunit Gqi5, Dr. Chen Liaw (Arena Pharmaceutical), Ms. Rebecca Kaplan, Mr. Frank Xiaodong Gan for technical assistance, Dr
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br GPR a G protein coupled
2021-11-08
GPR35, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), was discovered and classified as an orphan GPCR in 1998 and deorphanized in 2006 by the discovery of kynurenic Adenine HCl sale as the endogenous agonist. Since its discovery, limited references on the GPR35 receptor have appeared, due in part to a scar
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SID 26681509 br WM astrocytes Grey matter astrocytes express
2021-11-08
WM astrocytes Grey matter astrocytes express a variety of GluR types that have both physiological and pathophysiological significance [87]. Non-NMDA GluR are also expressed in WM astrocytes [40], although the functionality of these receptors has not been tested. The fibrous astrocytes that popula
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