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Our results suggest that plasma membrane and a containing V
2024-09-09
Our results suggest that plasma membrane and a3-containing V-ATPases represent an important and novel target in the development of drugs to limit breast cancer metastasis. That knock-down of a3 has been shown to reduce metastasis of melanoma cells in an in vivo mouse model suggests that this role ma
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Autophagy is a self protecting cellular catabolic pathway th
2024-09-09
Autophagy is a self-protecting cellular catabolic pathway that degrades and recycles cytoplasmic contents for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis (Shao et al., 2016b). Macrophage autophagy plays an essential role in atherosclerosis by safeguarding Senegenin against oxidative stress, reducing ap
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We report here the first study on
2024-09-09
We report here the first study on the inhibitory effects of the organic nitrates – on human erythrocyte GR. The previous reports by Becker et al., investigated other nitro derivatives (including arylizoalloxazines) by using Beutler’s method, monitoring GR inhibition. Data of show inhibition of hGR
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Another hypothesis is angiogenesis inhibition Angiogenesis i
2024-09-09
Another hypothesis is angiogenesis inhibition. Angiogenesis is a process that involves the growth, migration and differentiation of endothelial Atorvastatin Calcium to form new blood vessels. Angiogenesis favorably influences tumor growth and also influences tumor invasion of vessels, resulting in
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The renin angiotensin system RAS is a
2024-09-09
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a hormonal system which plays a role in the regulation of blood pressure and body fluid STA-21 receptor [14]. The main bioactive peptide of RAS is angiotensin II (Ang II) whose biological functions are interposed through angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) and a
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br STAR Methods br Author Contributions br Acknowledgments
2024-09-06
STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments This study is funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grants NS028901 and DC004450 (to L.O.T.); N.L. Tartar Trust Fellowship (to H.-W.L.); DC014878 to T.S.B. We thank members of the Trussell lab for helpful discussions, Dr. Stephen Dav
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However although in vitro studies in heterologous systems ha
2024-09-06
However, although in vitro studies in heterologous systems have provided very important indications of potential novel pharmacology, the studies with endogenous receptors in native tissues are essential to provide evidence for GPCR heteromerization in vivo and to confirm its physiological relevance.
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The CK catalyzes the reversible conversion of creatine
2024-09-06
The CK catalyzes the reversible conversion of creatine into creatine phosphate using ATP and thereby releasing ADP. The CK isoenzymes, specifically localized in places where there is a demand and production of energy, are linked to a creatine/creatine phosphate shuttle (Wallimann et al., 1998). This
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br Adenosine and tumor microenvironment In
2024-09-06
Adenosine and tumor microenvironment In the majority of carcinogenic processes a proinflammatory state is generated [36], [37]. In addition, a tumor hypoxic environment is generally due to inadequate perfusion of oxygen to the tumor [38]. Immunomodulators are molecules that regulate the immune r
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A key step in the ADAR reaction is the
2024-09-06
A key step in the ADAR reaction is the formation of the adenosine covalent hydrate with a tetrahedral center at C6. The nucleoside analog 8-azanebularine (box in Fig. 6), with its relatively high propensity to form a covalent hydrate, is useful as an adenosine replacement in ADAR2 substrates to trap
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Introduction Microdialysis is an in vivo technique which all
2024-09-06
Introduction Microdialysis is an in vivo-technique which allows continuous sampling of small molecular weight substances (such as neurotransmitters, metabolites and neuropeptides) from the extracellular space of different tissues or organs, e.g. brain, muscle or skin. While the implantation of the
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br COX and LOX in
2024-09-06
COX and 5-LOX in post-mortem AD brain Minghetti (2004) reviewed the findings on COX-2 mRNA levels in AD brains, pointing out that the available evidence demonstrated either decreased or increased levels, possibly because of the short half-life of COX-2 transcripts or individual variability. Histo
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CID 755673 The altered frequency of CD
2024-09-06
The altered frequency of CD4+ T CID 755673 in 5-LO−/− mice led us to hypothesize that these leukocytes could be exerting a primary control of the inflammatory response. In fact, the lack of 5-LO resulted in the accumulation of CD4+CD25+ cells expressing Treg markers. It is plausible to speculate tha
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Our current knowledge on autophagy broadly
2024-09-06
Our current knowledge on autophagy broadly differentiates it into three types: macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy. Macroautophagy mainly involves the sequestration of cytoplasmic contents in a double-walled membrane followed by the fusion with the lysosomes. The lysosom
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In our approach using BRET and FRET there is a
2024-09-05
In our approach using BRET and FRET, there is a substantial increase in BRET and FRET signals between Giα2 or Giα3-YFP and CFP- Gγ2/Rluc-Gγ2 upon apelin-13 activation, indicating that Gαi2, Gαi3 and N-terminus of Gβ1γ2 subunits become closer without subunit dissociation. In contrast, both the FRET a
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