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Ispinesib This connection is supported by studies in the SIV
2022-03-17
This connection is supported by studies in the SIV macaque model of HIV, where treatment with methamphetamine, which greatly enhances CNS dopamine levels (Truong, 2005); increased Ispinesib viral load. Methamphetamine also increased expression of the HIV co-receptor CCR5 in CNS macrophages, thereby
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Previous studies have attributed the changes that
2022-03-17
Previous studies have attributed the changes that occurs during the behvioral sensitization to many psychostimulants with neuroadaptation in dopaminergic cell bodies of the VTA (induction phase) along with alteration in dopamine axon terminal field transmission of NAc during the expression to sensit
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Hexokinases HXKs are major regulatory
2022-03-17
Hexokinases (HXKs) are major regulatory enzymes in sugar metabolism and in sugar sensing in plants (Claeyssen and Rivoal, 2007, Granot et al., 2013, Sheen, 2014, Aguilera-Alvarado and Sánchez-Nieto, 2017). HXK can phosphorylate both glucose and fructose to respective hexose-6-phosphates as a first s
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br Acknowledgements br Introduction Pregnancy brings forth s
2022-03-17
Acknowledgements Introduction Pregnancy brings forth significant metabolic reprogramming that induces a number of metabolic changes to ensure that the nutrient requirements of the mother and fetus are met [[1], [2], [3]]. These adaptations change radically over the period of pregnancy dependin
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Intestinal epithelium renewal is tightly controlled
2022-03-17
Intestinal epithelium renewal is tightly controlled by Hedgehog genes. Three Hedgehog genes are highly conserved in mouse and human, including Sonic hedgehog (Shh), Indian hedgehog (Ihh), and Desert hedgehog (Dhh) [13]. Hedgehogs bind to Patched (PTCH) [[14], [15], [16]], which unlike conventional r
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Now recall that a cozero
2022-03-17
Now recall that a cozero SAG of a frame L is an element of the form for some continuous real-valued function h in L. Equivalently, is a cozero element if and only if there exists an such that and . This is the pointfree counterpart to the notion of a cozero set for ordinary continuous real-value
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A second feature of the Ras type GTPases is that
2022-03-16
A second feature of the Ras-type GTPases is that their ‘on’ and ‘off’ states are temporally and often spatially separated from one another. This feature is essential for GTPases mediating signaling and other processes that need to be kept ‘off’ until the arrival of signaling cues. The need to recru
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To effectively evaluate prospective mechanisms by which chro
2022-03-16
To effectively evaluate prospective mechanisms by which chronic HIV infection induces pulmonary fibrotic changes in humans, we confirmed that predisposition to fibrotic change in older individuals could be mimicked in a mouse model. Hydroxyproline is a nonessential amino tgf beta receptor 1 require
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LFFs associating with green algae
2022-03-16
LFFs associating with green algae utilize polyols; therefore, we hypothesize that at least one polyol transport system is conserved in LFFs and it is required for the lichenization events that occur widely and independently in Ascomycota. Thus, the present study aimed to first evaluate phylogenetic
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As a part of our continuing
2022-03-16
As a part of our continuing efforts towards discovery of new class of compounds against different therapeutic areas and based on the literature reports, we designed a dual pharmacophore which possess a long aliphatic chain of free fatty acids and a phenyl propanoid part of known GPR40 agonists. Here
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Introduction As per WHO report in more than million
2022-03-16
Introduction As per WHO report, in 2014 more than 422 million peoples were living with diabetes and according to International Diabetes Federation, by 2045 this figure would reach 693 million [1,2]. Diabetes, a fast growing major health problem, is common chronic, metabolic disease characterized by
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The energy required to drive the functional process
2022-03-16
The energy required to drive the functional process to actively maintain lens transparency is primarily derived from the metabolism of glucose. Since the lens is avascular and exists in an environment of low oxygen tension, glucose is primarily metabolized by BINA glycolysis (Kinoshita, 1965). This
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Since the isoflavone emerged as
2022-03-16
Since the isoflavone emerged as privileged scaffold in Hh inhibition, based on molecular modeling predictions and prior studies [17,22], here we designed a number of isoflavones able to interact preferentially with the Smo receptor or the Gli protein. Molecules were synthesized by means of a novel s
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GLP and glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide GIP are gut
2022-03-16
GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) are gut hormones secreted from intestinal L Heparin sodium receptor and K cells, respectively. Together, these hormones account for the vast majority of the incretin effect, the enhanced postprandial insulin secretion observed in healthy adul
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Despite potent biological actions the native hormone undergo
2022-03-16
Despite potent biological actions, the native hormone undergoes degradation by the enzyme dipeptidylpeptidase-IV (DPP-IV) [17] and is rapidly cleared from the bloodstream by renal filtration [18]. One such approach to prolong the biological half-life of GIP is through conjugation with a polyethylene
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