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ICH induced striatal lesion produced a reduction of EAAT exp
2022-09-21
ICH-induced striatal lesion produced a reduction of EAAT1 expression analogous to the decreased glutamate uptake at 6 h. The combined reduction of excitatory amino Nepafenac mg transporters and of glutamate uptake activity might explain the well-known glutamate excitotoxicity following brain ischemi
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The transporter was successfully expressed in MSCs and
2022-09-21
The transporter was successfully expressed in MSCs and HEK 293 cells. In both cell types, the expression of YFP-EAAT2 was confirmed by immunological staining and flow cytometry. The functionality of the transporter was determined by [3H]glutamate uptake assays, and the blood glutamate-grabbing activ
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farnesoid x receptor Tight junctions regulate the transfer o
2022-09-21
Tight junctions regulate the transfer of ions as well as small molecules across endothelial barriers (Li et al., 2015). We also investigated whether resistin affects tight junctions, which play an important role in the conformation of polarized endothelial barriers (Matsuzaki et al., 2010). A previo
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Acarbose and voglibose the classic glucosidase inhibitors we
2022-09-21
Acarbose and voglibose, the classic α-glucosidase inhibitors, were clinically used to inhibit α-glucosidase activity for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, the intake of these drugs may cause some undesirable gastrointestinal side effects and weight gain (Xu et al., 2015). The synthetic drug
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br Mechanisms of action Ghrelin is
2022-09-21
Mechanisms of action Ghrelin is a 28-amino DS2 australia peptide hormone primarily produced in the oxyntic mucosa of stomach, but also in other gastrointestinal tissues [7] (Fig. 1). It acts as the endogenous ligand for the ghrelin receptor [GHS-R1a] and causes the release of growth hormone from
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GHSR A s have high levels of
2022-09-21
GHSR-1A's have high levels of constitutive activity and recent investigations show that constitutively active GHSR-1As in the absence of ligand (ghrelin) binding can have effects on feeding and energy balance (Mear et al., 2013, Petersen et al., 2009). Furthermore, GHSR-1As are capable of dimerizin
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The ghrelin receptor is expressed in
2022-09-21
The ghrelin receptor is expressed in a number of human malignancies including prostatic carcinoma cell lines [18,19] and tissues [20], breast carcinoma tumours and cell lines [21], testicular tumours [22], and malignant ovarian cysts and tumours [23]. In addition, it has an elevated level of express
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With the identification of small nonpolar substituents at
2022-09-21
With the identification of small nonpolar substituents at R3 of the phenylpropanoic acid ring providing improved activity at FFA4, exploration of the benzyl SAR was undertaken (). Small substituents were well tolerated at both the and positions (–) with the 2-bromo- (), 2-isopropoxy- (), and 3-met
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br Materials and methods br Results
2022-09-21
Materials and methods Results Discussion Cell migration not only plays major roles in physiological events, such as embryo implantation, embryogenesis, morphogenesis, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, wound healing and inflammation [[29], [30], [31]], but it is also implicated in the pathophysiol
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Allergic rhinitis characterized by inflammation of the nasal
2022-09-20
Allergic rhinitis, characterized by inflammation of the nasal membrane, results from an over-activated immune system exposed to WEHI-539 in sensitized individuals, and is associated with nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing, and pruritus. As histamine is a key mediator in triggering allergic rhin
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Heavy alcohol consumption reported by
2022-09-20
Heavy alcohol consumption, reported by three of five referred patients with chronic HCV infection and cirrhosis, is a risk factor for cirrhosis in p.C282Y homozygotes [19], [47] and adults with chronic HCV infection [48]. Although none of the present referred patients were diagnosed to have porphyri
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NPxY was recognized as the first
2022-09-20
NPxY was recognized as the first short signal sequence motif in the cytoplasmic domain of membrane receptors and proteins with critical roles in internalization and trafficking of receptor molecules [130]. Including LDL receptor, beta-1 integrin, megalin, beta-amyloid precursor protein, EGF receptor
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A repertoire of cytotoxic payloads is increasing among
2022-09-20
A repertoire of cytotoxic payloads is increasing; among those, MMAE has been utilized for the highly effective ADC brentuximab vedotin. However, the ADCs which utilized MMAE to target GCC in solid tumors have shown a poor efficacy suggesting that various tumor types respond differently to a given to
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br Conclusions In this study we report the genotype
2022-09-20
Conclusions In this study, we report the genotype frequencies for GSTT1, GSTP1, and GSTM1 in Jamaican children. The frequency of the null genotypes of GSTT1 and GSTM1 are similar to those of African-Americans in the US. The GSTP1 genotype frequency is closer to that of the African-American popula
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The crystal structures of plant class
2022-09-20
The crystal structures of plant class ADH3/GSNOR from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtGSNOR) and Solanum lycopersicum cv. Amateur (SlGSNOR) with bound substrates and cofactors revealed important differences between plant and human enzyme, namely within the substrate-binding pocket. GSNOR are unusually homod
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